Observation of Anomalous Spin Segregation in a Trapped Fermi Gas

We report the observation of spin segregation, i.e., time-dependent separation of the spin density profiles of two spin states, in a trapped, coherently prepared Fermi gas of ⁶Li with a magnetically tunable scattering length a₁₂ close to zero. For |a₁₂|≃5   bohr, as the cloud profiles evolve, the measured difference in the densities at the cloud center increases in 200 ms from 0 to ≃60% of the initial mean density and changes sign with a₁₂. The data are in disagreement in both amplitude and temporal evolution with a spin-wave theory for a Fermi gas. In contrast, for a Bose gas, an analogous theory has successfully described previous observations of spin segregation. The observed segregated atomic density profiles are far from equilibrium, yet they persist for ≃5   s, long compared to the axial trapping period of 6.9 ms. We find the zero crossing in a₁₂=0, where spin segregation ceases, at 527.5±0.2  G.