Phys. Rev. Lett.
101,
211102
(2008)
[6 pages]
Search for Gravitational-Wave Bursts from Soft Gamma Repeaters
B. Abbott et al. LIGO Scientific Collaboration
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B. Abbott16, R. Abbott16, R. Adhikari16, P. Ajith2, B. Allen2,54, G. Allen32, R. Amin20, S. B. Anderson16, W. G. Anderson54, M. A. Arain41, M. Araya16, H. Armandula16, P. Armor54, Y. Aso10, S. Aston40, P. Aufmuth15, C. Aulbert2, S. Babak1, S. Ballmer16, H. Bantilan8, B. C. Barish16, C. Barker18, D. Barker18, B. Barr42, P. Barriga53, M. A. Barton42, I. Bartos10, M. Bastarrika42, K. Bayer17, J. Betzwieser16, P. T. Beyersdorf28, I. A. Bilenko23, G. Billingsley16, R. Biswas54, E. Black16, K. Blackburn16, L. Blackburn17, D. Blair53, B. Bland18, T. P. Bodiya17, L. Bogue19, R. Bork16, V. Boschi16, S. Bose55, P. R. Brady54, V. B. Braginsky23, J. E. Brau47, M. Brinkmann2, A. Brooks16, D. A. Brown33, G. Brunet17, A. Bullington32, A. Buonanno43, O. Burmeister2, R. L. Byer32, L. Cadonati44, G. Cagnoli42, J. B. Camp24, J. Cannizzo24, K. Cannon16, J. Cao17, L. Cardenas16, T. Casebolt32, G. Castaldi50, C. Cepeda16, E. Chalkley42, P. Charlton9, S. Chatterji16, S. Chelkowski40, Y. Chen6,1, N. Christensen8, D. Clark32, J. Clark42, T. Cokelaer7, R. Conte49, D. Cook18, T. Corbitt17, D. Coyne16, J. D. E. Creighton54, A. Cumming42, L. Cunningham42, R. M. Cutler40, J. Dalrymple33, K. Danzmann15,2, G. Davies7, D. DeBra32, J. Degallaix1, M. Degree32, V. Dergachev45, S. Desai34, R. DeSalvo16, S. Dhurandhar14, M. Díaz36, J. Dickson4, A. Dietz7, F. Donovan17, K. L. Dooley41, E. E. Doomes31, R. W. P. Drever5, I. Duke17, J.-C. Dumas53, R. J. Dupuis16, J. G. Dwyer10, C. Echols16, A. Effler18, P. Ehrens16, E. Espinoza16, T. Etzel16, T. Evans19, S. Fairhurst7, Y. Fan53, D. Fazi16, H. Fehrmann2, M. M. Fejer32, L. S. Finn34, K. Flasch54, N. Fotopoulos54, A. Freise40, R. Frey47, T. Fricke16,48, P. Fritschel17, V. V. Frolov19, M. Fyffe19, J. Garofoli18, I. Gholami1, J. A. Giaime19,20, S. Giampanis48, K. D. Giardina19, K. Goda17, E. Goetz45, L. Goggin16, G. González20, S. Gossler2, R. Gouaty20, A. Grant42, S. Gras53, C. Gray18, M. Gray4, R. J. S. Greenhalgh27, A. M. Gretarsson11, F. Grimaldi17, R. Grosso36, H. Grote2, S. Grunewald1, M. Guenther18, E. K. Gustafson16, R. Gustafson45, B. Hage15, J. M. Hallam40, D. Hammer54, C. Hanna20, J. Hanson19, J. Harms2, G. Harry17, E. Harstad47, K. Hayama36, T. Hayler27, J. Heefner16, I. S. Heng42, M. Hennessy32, A. Heptonstall42, M. Hewitson2, S. Hild40, E. Hirose33, D. Hoak19, D. Hosken39, J. Hough42, S. H. Huttner42, D. Ingram18, M. Ito47, A. Ivanov16, B. Johnson18, W. W. Johnson20, D. I. Jones51, G. Jones7, R. Jones42, L. Ju53, P. Kalmus10, V. Kalogera26, S. Kamat10, J. Kanner43, D. Kasprzyk40, E. Katsavounidis17, K. Kawabe18, S. Kawamura25, F. Kawazoe25, W. Kells16, D. G. Keppel16, F. Ya. Khalili23, R. Khan10, E. Khazanov13, C. Kim26, P. King16, J. S. Kissel20, S. Klimenko41, K. Kokeyama25, V. Kondrashov16, R. K. Kopparapu34, D. Kozak16, I. Kozhevatov13, B. Krishnan1, P. Kwee15, P. K. Lam4, M. Landry18, M. M. Lang34, B. Lantz32, A. Lazzarini16, M. Lei16, N. Leindecker32, V. Leonhardt25, I. Leonor47, K. Libbrecht16, H. Lin41, P. Lindquist16, N. A. Lockerbie52, D. Lodhia40, M. Lormand19, P. Lu32, M. Lubinski18, A. Lucianetti41, H. Lück15,2, B. Machenschalk2, M. MacInnis17, M. Mageswaran16, K. Mailand16, V. Mandic46, S. Márka10, Z. Márka10, A. Markosyan32, J. Markowitz17, E. Maros16, I. Martin42, R. M. Martin41, J. N. Marx16, K. Mason17, F. Matichard20, L. Matone10, R. Matzner35, N. Mavalvala17, R. McCarthy18, D. E. McClelland4, S. C. McGuire31, M. McHugh22, G. McIntyre16, G. McIvor35, D. McKechan7, K. McKenzie4, T. Meier15, A. Melissinos48, G. Mendell18, R. A. Mercer41, S. Meshkov16, C. J. Messenger2, D. Meyers16, J. Miller42,16, J. Minelli34, S. Mitra14, V. P. Mitrofanov23, G. Mitselmakher41, R. Mittleman17, O. Miyakawa16, B. Moe54, S. Mohanty36, G. Moreno18, K. Mossavi2, C. MowLowry4, G. Mueller41, S. Mukherjee36, H. Mukhopadhyay14, H. Müller-Ebhardt2, J. Munch39, P. Murray42, E. Myers18, J. Myers18, T. Nash16, J. Nelson42, G. Newton42, A. Nishizawa25, K. Numata24, J. O’Dell27, G. Ogin16, B. O’Reilly19, R. O’Shaughnessy34, D. J. Ottaway17, R. S. Ottens41, H. Overmier19, B. J. Owen34, Y. Pan43, C. Pankow41, M. A. Papa1,54, V. Parameshwaraiah18, P. Patel16, M. Pedraza16, S. Penn12, A. Perreca40, T. Petrie34, I. M. Pinto50, M. Pitkin42, H. J. Pletsch2, M. V. Plissi42, F. Postiglione49, M. Principe50, R. Prix2, V. Quetschke41, F. Raab18, D. S. Rabeling4, H. Radkins18, N. Rainer2, M. Rakhmanov30, M. Ramsunder34, H. Rehbein2, S. Reid42, D. H. Reitze41, R. Riesen19, K. Riles45, B. Rivera18, N. A. Robertson16,42, C. Robinson7, E. L. Robinson40, S. Roddy19, A. Rodriguez20, A. M. Rogan55, J. Rollins10, J. D. Romano36, J. Romie19, R. Route32, S. Rowan42, A. Rüdiger2, L. Ruet17, P. Russell16, K. Ryan18, S. Sakata25, M. Samidi16, L. Sancho de la Jordana38, V. Sandberg18, V. Sannibale16, S. Saraf29, P. Sarin17, B. S. Sathyaprakash7, S. Sato25, P. R. Saulson33, R. Savage18, P. Savov6, S. W. Schediwy53, R. Schilling2, R. Schnabel2, R. Schofield47, B. F. Schutz1,7, P. Schwinberg18, S. M. Scott4, A. C. Searle4, B. Sears16, F. Seifert2, D. Sellers19, A. S. Sengupta16, P. Shawhan43, D. H. Shoemaker17, A. Sibley19, X. Siemens54, D. Sigg18, S. Sinha32, A. M. Sintes38,1, B. J. J. Slagmolen4, J. Slutsky20, J. R. Smith33, M. R. Smith16, N. D. Smith17, K. Somiya2,1, B. Sorazu42, L. C. Stein17, A. Stochino16, R. Stone36, K. A. Strain42, D. M. Strom47, A. Stuver19, T. Z. Summerscales3, K.-X. Sun32, M. Sung20, P. J. Sutton7, H. Takahashi1, D. B. Tanner41, R. Taylor16, R. Taylor42, J. Thacker19, K. A. Thorne34, K. S. Thorne6, A. Thüring15, K. V. Tokmakov42, C. Torres19, C. Torrie42, G. Traylor19, M. Trias38, W. Tyler16, D. Ugolini37, J. Ulmen32, K. Urbanek32, H. Vahlbruch15, C. Van Den Broeck7, M. van der Sluys26, S. Vass16, R. Vaulin54, A. Vecchio40, J. Veitch40, P. Veitch39, A. Villar16, C. Vorvick18, S. P. Vyachanin23, S. J. Waldman16, L. Wallace16, H. Ward42, R. Ward16, M. Weinert2, A. Weinstein16, R. Weiss17, S. Wen20, K. Wette4, J. T. Whelan1, S. E. Whitcomb16, B. F. Whiting41, C. Wilkinson18, P. A. Willems16, H. R. Williams34, L. Williams41, B. Willke15,2, I. Wilmut27, W. Winkler2, C. C. Wipf17, A. G. Wiseman54, G. Woan42, R. Wooley19, J. Worden18, W. Wu41, I. Yakushin19, H. Yamamoto16, Z. Yan53, S. Yoshida30, M. Zanolin11, J. Zhang45, L. Zhang16, C. Zhao53, N. Zotov21, M. Zucker17, and J. Zweizig16 (LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
1Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-14476 Golm, Germany
2Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
3Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104, USA
4Australian National University, Canberra, 0200, Australia
5California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
6Caltech-CaRT, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
7Cardi University, Cardi, CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
8Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, USA
9Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
10Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
11Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
12Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, USA
13Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
14Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune - 411007, India
15Leibniz Universit at Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
16LIGO-California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
17LIGO-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
18LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
19LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, Louisiana 70754, USA
20Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
21Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
22Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
23Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
24NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
25National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
26Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
27Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
28San Jose State University, San Jose, California 95192, USA
29Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California 94928, USA
30Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, Louisiana 70402, USA
31Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
32Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
33Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
34The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
35The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
36The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA
37Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212, USA
38Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
39University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
40University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
41University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
42University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
43University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
44University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
45University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
46University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
47University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
48University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
49University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
50University of Sannio at Benevento, I-82100 Benevento, Italy
51University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
52University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, United Kingdom
53University of Western Australia, Crawley, Washington 6009, Australia
54University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA
55Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
56University of California-Berkeley, Space Sciences Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
57Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
S. Barthelmy58, N. Gehrels58, K. C. Hurley59, and D. Palmer60
58NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
59University of California-Berkeley, Space Sciences Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
60Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
Received 1 September 2008; published 21 November 2008
We present a LIGO search for short-duration gravitational waves (GWs) associated with soft gamma ray repeater (SGR) bursts. This is the first search sensitive to neutron star f modes, usually considered the most efficient GW emitting modes. We find no evidence of GWs associated with any SGR burst in a sample consisting of the 27 Dec. 2004 giant flare from SGR 1806-20 and 190 lesser events from SGR 1806-20 and SGR 1900+14. The unprecedented sensitivity of the detectors allows us to set the most stringent limits on transient GW amplitudes published to date. We find upper limit estimates on the model-dependent isotropic GW emission energies (at a nominal distance of 10 kpc) between 3×1045 and 9×1052 erg depending on waveform type, detector antenna factors and noise characteristics at the time of the burst. These upper limits are within the theoretically predicted range of some SGR models.
© 2008 The American Physical Society
URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.211102
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.211102
PACS:
04.80.Nn, 07.05.Kf, 95.85.Sz, 97.60.Jd
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