Tunable Miscibility in a Dual-Species Bose-Einstein Condensate

We report on the observation of controllable phase separation in a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate with ⁸⁵Rb and ⁸⁷Rb. Interatomic interactions between the different components determine the miscibility of the two quantum fluids. In our experiments, we can clearly observe immiscible behavior via a dramatic spatial separation of the two species. Furthermore, a magnetic-field Feshbach resonance is used to change them between miscible and immiscible by tuning the ⁸⁵Rb scattering length. The spatial density pattern of the immiscible quantum fluids exhibits complex alternating-domain structures that are uncharacteristic of its stationary ground state.