Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 010602 (2009) [4 pages]Fluctuations and Response of Nonequilibrium StatesReceived 23 February 2009; revised 3 June 2009; published 2 July 2009 A generalized fluctuation-response relation is found for thermal systems driven out of equilibrium. Its derivation is independent of many details of the dynamics, which is only required to be first order. The result gives a correction to the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem, in terms of the correlation between observable and excess in dynamical activity caused by the perturbation. Previous approaches to this problem are recovered and extended in a unifying scheme. © 2009 The American Physical Society URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.010602
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.010602
PACS:
05.70.Ln, 05.20.−y
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