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Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 1726–1729 (1983)

Zero-Energy Theorem for Scale-Invariant Gravity

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David G. Boulware
Physics Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195

Gary T. Horowitz and Andrew Strominger
The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey 08540

Received 21 March 1983; published in the issue dated 30 May 1983

The general scale-invariant Lagrangian, -1/4∫d4x(-g)1/2[αcμνλσcμνλσ+βR2], with αβ>~0, is considered. Although this theory admits linearized solutions with negative energy, it is shown that all exact solutions representing isolated systems have precisely zero energy. This result also holds in the presence of arbitrary matter. It can be understood as resulting from a confinement of energy. The implications of this result for quantum gravity are discussed.

© 1983 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.1726
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.1726
PACS:
04.20.Cv, 04.20.Me, 04.60.+n