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Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1293–1295 (1992)

Practical quantum cryptography based on two-photon interferometry

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Artur K. Ekert
Merton College and Physics Department, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 4JD, United Kingdom

John G. Rarity and Paul R. Tapster
Defence Research Agency, Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, St. Andrews Rd., Malvern WR14 3PS, United Kingdom

G. Massimo Palma
C.N.R. Istituto per le Applicazioni Interdisciplinari della Fisica via Archirafi 36, I=90123 Palermo, Italy

Received 30 March 1992; published in the issue dated 31 August 1992

We propose an experimental realization of cryptographic-key-sharing scheme exploiting quantum correlations between pair photons. Our experimental setup consists of an external source of correlated photon pairs which propagate to two widely separated unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers. The probability of detection of photon pairs in any two outputs of the interferometers can be fully modulated by phase plates in either interferometer.

© 1992 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.1293
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.1293
PACS:
03.65.Bz, 42.50.Wm, 89.70.+c