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Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 4083–4086 (1993)

Punctuated equilibrium and criticality in a simple model of evolution

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Per Bak
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973

Kim Sneppen
Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen O/, Denmark

Received 7 July 1993; published in the issue dated 13 December 1993

A simple and robust model of biological evolution of an ecology of interacting species is introduced. The model self-organizes into a critical steady state with intermittent coevolutionary avalanches of all sizes; i.e., it exhibits ‘‘punctuated equilibrium’’ behavior. This collaborative evolution is much faster than non-cooperative scenarios since no large and coordinated, and hence prohibitively unlikely, mutations are involved.

© 1993 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.4083
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.4083
PACS:
87.10.+e, 05.40.+j