Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1789–1792 (1997)Fourth Statistical Ensemble for the Bose-Einstein CondensateReceived 3 June 1997; published in the issue dated 8 September 1997 We study the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with a fixed number of particles. On the basis of conventional statistical mechanics we introduce the, so called, Maxwell's demon ensemble, where only particle transfer (without energy exchange) is allowed. We show that this new ensemble can be used for the microcanonical description of the system. We apply our formalism to the case of BEC in a harmonic trap and give the analytic expressions for the ground state fluctuations. We compare these expressions with the exact numerical results obtained for relatively small condensates. © 1997 The American Physical Society URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1789
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1789
PACS:
03.75.Fi, 05.30.Jp, 32.80.Pj
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