Phys. Rev. Lett.
89,
011301
(2002)
[6 pages]
Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Transformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
Q. R. Ahmad et al.
Show All Authors/Affiliations
Hide All Authors/Affiliations
Q. R. Ahmad17, R. C. Allen4, T. C. Andersen6, J. D.Anglin10, J. C. Barton11,*, E. W. Beier12, M. Bercovitch10, J. Bigu7, S. D. Biller11, R. A. Black11, I. Blevis5, R. J. Boardman11, J. Boger3, E. Bonvin14, M. G. Boulay9,14, M. G. Bowler11, T. J. Bowles9, S. J. Brice9,11, M. C. Browne17,9, T. V. Bullard17, G. Bühler4, J. Cameron11, Y. D. Chan8, H. H. Chen4,†, M. Chen14, X. Chen8,11, B. T. Cleveland11, E. T. H. Clifford14, J. H. M. Cowan7, D. F. Cowen12, G. A. Cox17, X. Dai11, F. Dalnoki-Veress5, W. F. Davidson10, P. J. Doe17,9,4, G. Doucas11, M. R. Dragowsky9,8, C. A. Duba17, F. A. Duncan14, M. Dunford12, J. A. Dunmore11, E. D. Earle14,1, S. R. Elliott17,9, H. C. Evans14, G. T. Ewan14, J. Farine7,5, H. Fergani11, A. P. Ferraris11, R. J. Ford14, J. A. Formaggio17, M. M. Fowler9, K. Frame11, E. D. Frank12, W. Frati12, N. Gagnon11,9,8,17, J. V. Germani17, S. Gil2, K. Graham14, D. R. Grant5, R. L. Hahn3, A. L. Hallin14, E. D. Hallman7, A. S. Hamer9,14, A. A. Hamian17, W. B. Handler14, R. U. Haq7, C. K. Hargrove5, P. J. Harvey14, R. Hazama17, K. M. Heeger17, W. J. Heintzelman12, J. Heise2,9, R. L. Helmer16,2, J. D. Hepburn14, H. Heron11, J. Hewett7, A. Hime9, M. Howe17, J. G. Hykawy7, M. C. P. Isaac8, P. Jagam6, N. A. Jelley11, C. Jillings14, G. Jonkmans7,1, K. Kazkaz17, P. T. Keener12, J. R. Klein12, A. B. Knox11, R. J. Komar2, R. Kouzes13, T. Kutter2, C. C. M. Kyba12, J. Law6, I. T. Lawson6, M. Lay11, H. W. Lee14, K. T. Lesko8, J. R. Leslie14, I. Levine5, W. Locke11, S. Luoma7, J. Lyon11, S. Majerus11, H. B. Mak14, J. Maneira14, J. Manor17, A. D. Marino8, N. McCauley12,11, A. B. McDonald14,13, D. S. McDonald12, K. McFarlane5, G. McGregor11, R. Meijer Drees17, C. Mifflin5, G. G. Miller9, G. Milton1, B. A. Moffat14, M. Moorhead11, C. W. Nally2, M. S. Neubauer12, F. M. Newcomer12, H. S. Ng2, A. J. Noble16,5, E. B. Norman8, V. M. Novikov5, M. O'Neill5, C. E. Okada8, R. W. Ollerhead6, M. Omori11, J. L. Orrell17, S. M. Oser12, A. W. P. Poon8,17,2,9, T. J. Radcliffe14, A. Roberge7, B. C. Robertson14, R. G. H. Robertson17,9, S. S. E. Rosendahl8, J. K. Rowley3, V. L. Rusu12, E. Saettler7, K. K. Schaffer17, M. H. Schwendener7, A. Schülke8, H. Seifert7,17,9, M. Shatkay5, J. J. Simpson6, C. J. Sims11, D. Sinclair5,16, P. Skensved14, A. R. Smith8, M. W. E. Smith17, T. Spreitzer12, N. Starinsky5, T. D. Steiger17, R. G. Stokstad8, L. C. Stonehill17, R. S. Storey10, B. Sur1,14, R. Tafirout7, N. Tagg6,11, N. W. Tanner11, R. K. Taplin11, M. Thorman11, P. M. Thornewell11, P. T. Trent11, Y. I. Tserkovnyak2, R. Van Berg12, R. G. Van de Water9,12, C. J. Virtue7, C. E. Waltham2, J.-X. Wang6, D. L. Wark15,11,9, N. West11, J. B. Wilhelmy9, J. F. Wilkerson17,9, J. R. Wilson11, P. Wittich12, J. M. Wouters9, and M. Yeh3
1Atomic Energy of Canada, Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada
2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
3Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000
4Department of Physics, University of California, Irvine, California 92717
5Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
6Physics Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
7Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
8Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics and Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
9Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
10National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
11Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
12Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396
13Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
14Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
15Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
15band University of Sussex, Physics and Astronomy Department, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
16TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
17Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, and Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
Received 19 April 2002; published 13 June 2002
Observations of neutral-current ν interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the νe component of the 8B solar flux is φe = 1.76-0.05+0.05(stat)-0.09+0.09(syst)×106 cm-2s-1 for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non- νe component is φμτ = 3.41-0.45+0.45(stat)-0.45+0.48(syst)×106 cm-2s-1, 5.3σ greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar νe flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is φNC = 5.09-0.43+0.44(stat)-0.43+0.46(syst)×106 cm-2s-1, consistent with solar models.
© 2002 The American Physical Society
URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011301
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011301
PACS:
26.65.+t, 14.60.Pq, 95.85.Ry
*Permanent address: Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet Road, London WC1E 7HX, UK. †Deceased.
|
|
