MHD Shocks and the Origin of the Solar Transition Region

Simultaneous observations of the solar atmosphere from its surface to the corona obtained with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) show a ubiquitous sequence of events that start from cancellation of photospheric magnetic fields, pass through shock formation, and result in transition region supersonic jets and microflares. These results support a novel view of the energy buildup in the solar atmosphere associated with a cascade of shock waves produced by interacting network magnetic elements in the photosphere and provide insight into the origin of the solar transition region. The findings account for the general mechanisms of energy production, transfer, and release throughout the Sun’s and stellar atmospheres.