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Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 056101 (2004) [4 pages]

Visualization of Diamond Nucleation and Growth from Energetic Species

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Y. Lifshitz1,*, X. M. Meng1,2, S. T. Lee1, R. Akhveldiany3, and A. Hoffman1,3,†
1Center of Super Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics & Materials Science, City University Hong Kong, SAR Hong Kong, China
2Nano-organic Photoelectronic Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China
3Chemistry Department, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel

Received 5 August 2003; published 27 July 2004

The mystery of diamond nucleation by energetic species is resolved via a special deposition scheme. The evolution of the precursor material for diamond nucleation and the development of the nanodiamond crystallites are visualized by high resolution electron microscopy and other spectroscopies. The diamond precipitation and growth are explained in terms of our recently proposed mechanism [ Science 297 1531 (2002)]: (i) precipitation of sp3 clusters a small fraction of which are perfect diamond; (ii) growth of diamond crystallites by preferential displacement of amorphous carbon atoms leaving diamond atoms intact. This general scheme is applicable to other materials such as cubic boron nitride.

© 2004 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.056101
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.056101
PACS:
81.15.–z, 68.37.–d, 68.55.–a, 81.10.–h

*On leave from Soreq NRC, Yavne 81800, Israel.

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Electronic address: choffman@tx.technion.ac.il