Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 111601 (2005) [4 pages]Viscosity in Strongly Interacting Quantum Field Theories from Black Hole PhysicsReceived 20 December 2004; published 22 March 2005 The ratio of shear viscosity to volume density of entropy can be used to characterize how close a given fluid is to being perfect. Using string theory methods, we show that this ratio is equal to a universal value of ℏ/4πkB for a large class of strongly interacting quantum field theories whose dual description involves black holes in anti–de Sitter space. We provide evidence that this value may serve as a lower bound for a wide class of systems, thus suggesting that black hole horizons are dual to the most ideal fluids. © 2005 The American Physical Society URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.111601
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.111601
PACS:
11.10.Wx, 04.70.Dy, 11.25.Tq, 47.75.+f
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