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APS » Journals » Phys. Rev. Lett. » Volume 94 » Issue 12
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 123901 (2005) [4 pages]

Direct Observation of Bloch Harmonics and Negative Phase Velocity in Photonic Crystal Waveguides

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H. Gersen1,*, T. J. Karle2, R. J. P. Engelen1, W. Bogaerts3, J. P. Korterik1, N. F. van Hulst1, T. F. Krauss2, and L. Kuipers1,4,†
1Applied Optics Group, Department of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
2School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland
3Ghent University-IMEC, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), B-9000 Gent, Belgium
4FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF), Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Received 27 June 2004; published 30 March 2005

The eigenfield distribution and the band structure of a photonic crystal waveguide have been measured with a phase-sensitive near-field scanning optical microscope. Bloch modes, which consist of more than one spatial frequency, are visualized in the waveguide. In the band structure, multiple Brillouin zones due to zone folding are observed, in which positive and negative dispersion is seen. The negative slopes are shown to correspond to a negative phase velocity but a positive group velocity. The lateral mode profile for modes separated by one reciprocal lattice vector is found to be different.

© 2005 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.123901
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.123901
PACS:
42.70.Qs, 42.25.–p, 68.37.Uv, 78.67.–n

*Current address: Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Center for Atomic-scale Materials Physics (CAMP), and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

†Corresponding author.

Electronic address: L.Kuipers@amolf.nl

 
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