Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 240403 (2005) [4 pages]Zero-Temperature Phases of Many-Atom Bose SystemsReceived 16 August 2005; published 8 December 2005 We show that a many-atom Bose system at zero temperature has, in general, a liquid phase in addition to its well-known gaseous phase. A universal phase diagram is presented that is applicable to all Bose systems with a -C6/r6 type of interaction at large interparticle separations. We show that the predicted phase structure has implications on the stability of a gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) even at dilute densities that are routinely achieved under existing experimental conditions. We also predict that 4He should have a gaseous BEC phase below a critical density of 5.58×1015 1/cm3. © 2005 The American Physical Society URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.240403
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.240403
PACS:
05.30.Jp, 03.75.Hh, 03.75.Nt
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