Phys. Rev. Lett.
98,
112001
(2007)
[7 pages]
Observation of Exclusive Electron-Positron Production in Hadron-Hadron Collisions
A. Abulencia et al. CDF Collaboration
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A. Abulencia23, J. Adelman13, T. Affolder10, T. Akimoto55, M. G. Albrow16, D. Ambrose16, S. Amerio43, D. Amidei34, A. Anastassov52, K. Anikeev16, A. Annovi18, J. Antos1, M. Aoki55, G. Apollinari16, J.-F. Arguin33, T. Arisawa57, A. Artikov14, W. Ashmanskas16, A. Attal8, F. Azfar42, P. Azzi-Bacchetta43, P. Azzurri46, N. Bacchetta43, W. Badgett16, A. Barbaro-Galtieri28, V. E. Barnes48, B. A. Barnett24, S. Baroiant7, V. Bartsch30, G. Bauer32, F. Bedeschi46, S. Behari24, S. Belforte54, G. Bellettini46, J. Bellinger59, A. Belloni32, D. Benjamin15, A. Beretvas16, J. Beringer28, T. Berry29, A. Bhatti50, M. Binkley16, D. Bisello43, R. E. Blair2, C. Blocker6, B. Blumenfeld24, A. Bocci15, A. Bodek49, V. Boisvert49, G. Bolla48, A. Bolshov32, D. Bortoletto48, J. Boudreau47, A. Boveia10, B. Brau10, L. Brigliadori5, C. Bromberg35, E. Brubaker13, J. Budagov14, H. S. Budd49, S. Budd23, S. Budroni46, K. Burkett16, G. Busetto43, P. Bussey20, K. L. Byrum2, S. Cabrera15, M. Campanelli19, M. Campbell34, F. Canelli16, A. Canepa48, S. Carillo17, D. Carlsmith59, B. Caron33, R. Carosi46, M. Casarsa54, A. Castro5, P. Catastini46, D. Cauz54, M. Cavalli-Sforza3, A. Cerri28, L. Cerrito42, S. H. Chang27, Y. C. Chen1, M. Chertok7, G. Chiarelli46, G. Chlachidze14, F. Chlebana16, I. Cho27, K. Cho27, D. Chokheli14, J. P. Chou21, G. Choudalakis32, S. H. Chuang59, K. Chung12, W. H. Chung59, Y. S. Chung49, M. Ciljak46, C. I. Ciobanu23, M. A. Ciocci46, A. Clark19, D. Clark6, M. Coca15, G. Compostella43, M. E. Convery50, J. Conway7, B. Cooper35, K. Copic34, M. Cordelli18, G. Cortiana43, F. Crescioli46, C. Cuenca Almenar7, J. Cuevas11, R. Culbertson16, J. C. Cully34, D. Cyr59, S. DaRonco43, S. D’Auria20, T. Davies20, M. D’Onofrio3, D. Dagenhart6, P. de Barbaro49, S. De Cecco51, A. Deisher28, G. De Lentdecker49, M. Dell’Orso46, F. Delli Paoli43, L. Demortier50, J. Deng15, M. Deninno5, D. De Pedis51, P. F. Derwent16, G. P. Di Giovanni44, C. Dionisi51, B. Di Ruzza54, J. R. Dittmann4, P. DiTuro52, C. Dörr25, S. Donati46, M. Donega19, P. Dong8, J. Donini43, T. Dorigo43, S. Dube52, J. Efron39, R. Erbacher7, D. Errede23, S. Errede23, R. Eusebi16, H. C. Fang28, S. Farrington29, I. Fedorko46, W. T. Fedorko13, R. G. Feild60, M. Feindt25, J. P. Fernandez31, R. Field17, G. Flanagan48, A. Foland21, S. Forrester7, G. W. Foster16, M. Franklin21, J. C. Freeman28, I. Furic13, M. Gallinaro50, J. Galyardt12, J. E. Garcia46, F. Garberson10, A. F. Garfinkel48, C. Gay60, H. Gerberich23, D. Gerdes34, S. Giagu51, P. Giannetti46, A. Gibson28, K. Gibson47, J. L. Gimmell49, C. Ginsburg16, N. Giokaris14, M. Giordani54, P. Giromini18, M. Giunta46, G. Giurgiu12, V. Glagolev14, D. Glenzinski16, M. Gold37, N. Goldschmidt17, J. Goldstein42, G. Gomez11, G. Gomez-Ceballos11, M. Goncharov53, O. González31, I. Gorelov37, A. T. Goshaw15, K. Goulianos50, A. Gresele43, M. Griffiths29, S. Grinstein21, C. Grosso-Pilcher13, R. C. Group17, U. Grundler23, J. Guimaraes da Costa21, Z. Gunay-Unalan35, C. Haber28, K. Hahn32, S. R. Hahn16, E. Halkiadakis52, A. Hamilton33, B.-Y. Han49, J. Y. Han49, R. Handler59, F. Happacher18, K. Hara55, M. Hare56, S. Harper42, R. F. Harr58, R. M. Harris16, M. Hartz47, K. Hatakeyama50, J. Hauser8, A. Heijboer45, B. Heinemann29, J. Heinrich45, C. Henderson32, M. Herndon59, J. Heuser25, D. Hidas15, C. S. Hill10, D. Hirschbuehl25, A. Hocker16, A. Holloway21, S. Hou1, M. Houlden29, S.-C. Hsu9, B. T. Huffman42, R. E. Hughes39, U. Husemann60, J. Huston35, J. Incandela10, G. Introzzi46, M. Iori51, Y. Ishizawa55, A. Ivanov7, B. Iyutin32, E. James16, D. Jang52, B. Jayatilaka34, D. Jeans51, H. Jensen16, E. J. Jeon27, S. Jindariani17, M. Jones48, K. K. Joo27, S. Y. Jun12, J. E. Jung27, T. R. Junk23, T. Kamon53, P. E. Karchin58, Y. Kato41, Y. Kemp25, R. Kephart16, U. Kerzel25, V. Khotilovich53, B. Kilminster39, D. H. Kim27, H. S. Kim27, J. E. Kim27, M. J. Kim12, S. B. Kim27, S. H. Kim55, Y. K. Kim13, N. Kimura55, L. Kirsch6, S. Klimenko17, M. Klute32, B. Knuteson32, B. R. Ko15, K. Kondo57, D. J. Kong27, J. Konigsberg17, A. Korytov17, A. V. Kotwal15, A. Kovalev45, A. C. Kraan45, J. Kraus23, I. Kravchenko32, M. Kreps25, J. Kroll45, N. Krumnack4, M. Kruse15, V. Krutelyov10, T. Kubo55, S. E. Kuhlmann2, T. Kuhr25, Y. Kusakabe57, S. Kwang13, A. T. Laasanen48, S. Lai33, S. Lami46, S. Lammel16, M. Lancaster30, R. L. Lander7, K. Lannon39, A. Lath52, G. Latino46, I. Lazzizzera43, T. LeCompte2, J. Lee49, J. Lee27, Y. J. Lee27, S. W. Lee53, R. Lefèvre3, N. Leonardo32, S. Leone46, S. Levy13, J. D. Lewis16, C. Lin60, C. S. Lin16, M. Lindgren16, E. Lipeles9, A. Lister7, D. O. Litvintsev16, T. Liu16, N. S. Lockyer45, A. Loginov36, M. Loreti43, P. Loverre51, R.-S. Lu1, D. Lucchesi43, P. Lujan28, P. Lukens16, G. Lungu17, L. Lyons42, J. Lys28, R. Lysak1, E. Lytken48, P. Mack25, D. MacQueen33, R. Madrak16, K. Maeshima16, K. Makhoul32, T. Maki22, P. Maksimovic24, S. Malde42, G. Manca29, F. Margaroli5, R. Marginean16, C. Marino25, C. P. Marino23, A. Martin60, M. Martin20, V. Martin20, M. Martínez3, T. Maruyama55, P. Mastrandrea51, T. Masubuchi55, H. Matsunaga55, M. E. Mattson58, R. Mazini33, P. Mazzanti5, K. S. McFarland49, P. McIntyre53, R. McNulty29, A. Mehta29, P. Mehtala22, S. Menzemer11, A. Menzione46, P. Merkel48, C. Mesropian50, A. Messina35, T. Miao16, N. Miladinovic6, J. Miles32, R. Miller35, C. Mills10, M. Milnik25, A. Mitra1, G. Mitselmakher17, A. Miyamoto26, S. Moed19, N. Moggi5, B. Mohr8, R. Moore16, M. Morello46, P. Movilla Fernandez28, J. Mülmenstädt28, A. Mukherjee16, Th. Muller25, R. Mumford24, P. Murat16, J. Nachtman16, A. Nagano55, J. Naganoma57, I. Nakano40, A. Napier56, V. Necula17, C. Neu45, M. S. Neubauer9, J. Nielsen28, T. Nigmanov47, L. Nodulman2, O. Norniella3, E. Nurse30, S. H. Oh15, Y. D. Oh27, I. Oksuzian17, T. Okusawa41, R. Oldeman29, R. Orava22, K. Osterberg22, C. Pagliarone46, E. Palencia11, V. Papadimitriou16, A. A. Paramonov13, B. Parks39, S. Pashapour33, J. Patrick16, G. Pauletta54, M. Paulini12, C. Paus32, D. E. Pellett7, A. Penzo54, T. J. Phillips15, G. Piacentino46, J. Piedra44, L. Pinera17, J. Pinfold33, K. Pitts23, C. Plager8, L. Pondrom59, X. Portell3, O. Poukhov14, N. Pounder42, F. Prakoshyn14, A. Pronko16, J. Proudfoot2, F. Ptohos18, G. Punzi46, J. Pursley24, J. Rademacker42, A. Rahaman47, N. Ranjan48, S. Rappoccio21, B. Reisert16, V. Rekovic37, P. Renton42, M. Rescigno51, S. Richter25, F. Rimondi5, L. Ristori46, A. Robson20, T. Rodrigo11, E. Rogers23, S. Rolli56, R. Roser16, M. Rossi54, R. Rossin17, A. Ruiz11, J. Russ12, V. Rusu13, H. Saarikko22, S. Sabik33, A. Safonov53, W. K. Sakumoto49, G. Salamanna51, O. Saltó3, D. Saltzberg8, C. Sánchez3, L. Santi54, S. Sarkar51, L. Sartori46, K. Sato16, P. Savard33, A. Savoy-Navarro44, T. Scheidle25, P. Schlabach16, E. E. Schmidt16, M. P. Schmidt60, M. Schmitt38, T. Schwarz7, L. Scodellaro11, A. L. Scott10, A. Scribano46, F. Scuri46, A. Sedov48, S. Seidel37, Y. Seiya41, A. Semenov14, L. Sexton-Kennedy16, A. Sfyrla19, M. D. Shapiro28, T. Shears29, P. F. Shepard47, D. Sherman21, M. Shimojima55, M. Shochet13, Y. Shon59, I. Shreyber36, A. Sidoti46, P. Sinervo33, A. Sisakyan14, J. Sjolin42, A. J. Slaughter16, J. Slaunwhite39, K. Sliwa56, J. R. Smith7, F. D. Snider16, R. Snihur33, M. Soderberg34, A. Soha7, S. Somalwar52, V. Sorin35, J. Spalding16, F. Spinella46, T. Spreitzer33, P. Squillacioti46, M. Stanitzki60, A. Staveris-Polykalas46, R. St. Denis20, B. Stelzer8, O. Stelzer-Chilton42, D. Stentz38, J. Strologas37, D. Stuart10, J. S. Suh27, A. Sukhanov17, H. Sun56, T. Suzuki55, A. Taffard23, R. Takashima40, Y. Takeuchi55, K. Takikawa55, M. Tanaka2, R. Tanaka40, M. Tecchio34, P. K. Teng1, K. Terashi50, J. Thom16, A. S. Thompson20, E. Thomson45, P. Tipton60, V. Tiwari12, S. Tkaczyk16, D. Toback53, S. Tokar14, K. Tollefson35, T. Tomura55, D. Tonelli46, S. Torre18, D. Torretta16, S. Tourneur44, W. Trischuk33, R. Tsuchiya57, S. Tsuno40, N. Turini46, F. Ukegawa55, T. Unverhau20, S. Uozumi55, D. Usynin45, S. Vallecorsa19, N. van Remortel22, A. Varganov34, E. Vataga37, F. Vázquez17, G. Velev16, G. Veramendi23, V. Veszpremi48, R. Vidal16, I. Vila11, R. Vilar11, T. Vine30, I. Vollrath33, I. Volobouev28, G. Volpi46, F. Würthwein9, P. Wagner53, R. G. Wagner2, R. L. Wagner16, J. Wagner25, W. Wagner25, R. Wallny8, S. M. Wang1, A. Warburton33, S. Waschke20, D. Waters30, W. C. Wester, III16, B. Whitehouse56, D. Whiteson45, A. B. Wicklund2, E. Wicklund16, G. Williams33, H. H. Williams45, P. Wilson16, B. L. Winer39, P. Wittich16, S. Wolbers16, C. Wolfe13, T. Wright34, X. Wu19, S. M. Wynne29, A. Yagil16, K. Yamamoto41, J. Yamaoka52, T. Yamashita40, C. Yang60, U. K. Yang13, Y. C. Yang27, W. M. Yao28, G. P. Yeh16, J. Yoh16, K. Yorita13, T. Yoshida41, G. B. Yu49, I. Yu27, S. S. Yu16, J. C. Yun16, L. Zanello51, A. Zanetti54, I. Zaw21, X. Zhang23, J. Zhou52, and S. Zucchelli5 (CDF Collaboration)
1Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
2Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
3Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
4Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, USA
5Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
6Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254, USA
7University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
8University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA
9University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
10University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
11Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
12Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
13Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
14Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia
15Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
16Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
17University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
18Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
19University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
20Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
21Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
22Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
23University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
24The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
25Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Universität Karlsruhe, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
26High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
27Center for High Energy Physics: Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea; and SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
28Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
29University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
30University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
31Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
32Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
33Institute of Particle Physics: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2G7; McGill University, Montréal, Canada H3A 2T8; and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A7
34University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
35Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
36Institution for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
37University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
38Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
39The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
40Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
41Osaka City University, Osaka 588, Japan
42University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
43University of Padova, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova-Trento, I-35131 Padova, Italy
44LPNHE, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie/IN2P3-CNRS, UMR7585, Paris, F-75252 France
45University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
46Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, Universities of Pisa, Siena and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
47University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
48Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
49University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
50The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA
51Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, University of Rome “La Sapienza,” I-00185 Roma, Italy
52Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
53Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
54Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, University of Trieste/Udine, Italy
55University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
56Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
57Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
58Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
59University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
60Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
Received 27 November 2006; published 14 March 2007
We present the first observation of exclusive e+e- production in hadron-hadron collisions, using pp̅ collision data at √s=1.96 TeV taken by the run II Collider Detector at Fermilab, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 532 pb-1. We require the absence of any particle signatures in the detector except for an electron and a positron candidate, each with transverse energy ET>5 GeV and pseudorapidity |η|<2. With these criteria, 16 events are observed compared to a background expectation of 1.9±0.3 events. These events are consistent in cross section and properties with the QED process pp̅ →p+e+e-+p̅ through two-photon exchange. The measured cross section is 1.6-0.3+0.5(stat)±0.3(syst) pb. This agrees with the theoretical prediction of 1.71±0.01 pb.
© 2007 The American Physical Society
URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.112001
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.112001
PACS:
13.60.−r, 12.20.Fv, 13.85.Qk
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